Integrasi Etnokimia dalam Pengajaran IPA: Analisis Literatur Sistematis pada Pendekatan Berbasis Kearifan Lokal di SMA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37630/jpm.v15i4.3783Keywords:
SLR, Etnokimia, Integrasi, Kearifan LokalAbstract
Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengkaji bagaimana etnokimia diterapkan dalam Pendidikan IPA dan kimia dengan menggunakan tinjauan literatur sistematis (System Literatur Review) terhadap publikasi dari tahun 2015 hingga 2025. Penggunaan etnokimia dianggap semakin penting dalam Pendidikan di abad ke-21 karena dapat mengaitkan konsep kimia yang sulit dipahami dengan praktik budaya lokal yang relevan dalam kehidupan nyata. Data dikumpulkan dari berbagai sumber seperti Scopus, Google, Scholar, ERIC, DOAJ, dan SINTA, kemudian diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria relevansi, tahun publikasi, dan fokus penelitian sehingga menghasilkan 15 artikel untuk analisis mendalam. Temuan dari penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa jumlah publikasi tentang etnokimia telah meningkatkan secara signifikan dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir, terutama setelah peluncuran Kurikulum Merdeka yang menekankan pentingnya pembelajaran kontekstual dan pendekatan yang berbeda. Empat topik utama ditemukan dalam kajian ini, yaitu model pembelajaran yang berbasis etnokimia, pengembangan materi ajar yang kontekstual, pengaruh etnokimia terhadap hasil belajar, sikap ilmiah dan literasi sains, serta arah tren penelitian terkini. Analisis menunjukan bahwa etnokimia sangat membantu dalam meningkatkan motivasi, litersai sains, pemahaman konsep, kemampuan berpikir kritis, serta pembentukan karakter siswa. Selain itu, penerapan etnokimia juga berkontribusi dalam menjaga budaya, pendidikan yang bekelanjutan, dan relevansi dalam pembelajaran di zaman modern dan bermanfaat dalam pemebelajaran.
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