Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek dengan Strategi Berdiferensiasi terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif

Ayu Sri Wahyuni; I Wayan Redhana; I Nyoman Tika

doi:10.37630/jpm.v13i1.824

Ayu Sri Wahyuni Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha
I Wayan Redhana Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha
I Nyoman Tika Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37630/jpm.v13i1.824

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskrispikan dan menjelaskan perbedaan keterampilan berpikir kreatif antara kelompok siswa yang belajar menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek dengan strategi berdiferensiasi, model pembelajaran berbasis proyek, dan model pembelajaran konvensional pada mata pelajaran IPA. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan desain pretest – posttest non-equivalent control group design. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah cluster random sampling. Populasi penelitian ini berjumlah 280 orang yang merupakan siswa kelas VIII yang terbagi ke dalam 7 kelas dan sampel penelitian yang digunakan berjumlah 240 orang yang terbagi dalam 6 kelas. Instrumen penelitian yang dipakai berbentuk angket gaya belajar, dan tes berpikir kreatif. Data yang diperoleh adalah jenis gaya belajar, dan nilai berpikir kreatif siswa pada materi usaha dan pesawat sederhana serta penerapannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Data dianalisis dengan teknik analisis deskriptif dan ANCOVA. Tindak lanjut ANCOVA, dipergunakan Least Significant Diffeerence (LSD) untuk mengetahui perlakuan mana yang memberikan hasil yang berbeda. Pengujian hipotesis dikerjakan dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Sebelum uji hipotesis, terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji prasyarat (normalitas, homogenitas, linearitas, kemiringan garis regresi, dan multikolinieritas). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran berbasis proyek dengan strategi berdiferensiasi lebih baik daripada model pembelajaran berbasis proyek dan model pembelajaran konvensional dalam meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kreatif dengan efek pengaruh sebesar 77,3%.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Keywords: Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek, Berdiferensiasi, Berpikir Kreatif

References

Anderson, L. W. and D. R. K. (2001). A Taxonomy for learning teaching and assesing (Complate e). Addison Wesley Longman.

Brungel, R., Ruckert, J., & Friedrich, C. M. (2020). Project-based learning in a machine learning course with differentiated industrial projects for various computer science master programs. 2020 IEEE 32nd Conference on Software Engineering Education and Training, CSEE and T 2020, Ml, 50–54. https://doi.org/10.1109/CSEET49119.2020.9206229

Demir, S. (2021a). Effects of learning style based differentiated activities on gifted students’ creativity. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 9(1), 47–56. https://doi.org/10.17478/jegys.754104

Demir, S. (2021b). The impact of differentiated instructional media on the motivation and opinions of students towards science learning in terms of learning styles. Shanlax International Journal of Education, 9(3), 16–25. https://doi.org/10.34293/education.v9i3.3723

Ferlianti, S., Mu’iz, M. S., & Chandra, D. T. (2022). Penerapan pembelajaran diferensiasi dengan metode blended learning’s station rotation untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi tekanan hidrostatis. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 03(03), 266–272.

Fiteriani, I., Diani, R., Hamidah, A., & Anwar, C. (2021). Project-based learning through STEM approach: is it effective to improve students’ creative problem-solving ability and metacognitive skills in physics learning? IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1796(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1796/1/012058

Fitriyah, A., & Ramadani, S. D. (2021). Pengaruh pembelajaran steam berbasis Pjbl ( Project-Based Learning ) terhadap keterampilan. Journal Of Chemistry And Education (JCAE), X(1), 209–226.

Hamad, K. A. S. (2020). The impact of using effective differentiation strategies on students ’ learning : A case study of an elementary school in Dubai. June.

Hasibuan, M. P., Sari, R. P., Syahputra, R. A., & Nahadi, N. (2022). Application of integrated project-based and STEM-based E-learning tools to improve students’ creative thinking and self-regulation skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(1), 51–56. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v8i1.1050

Herwina, W. (2021). Optimizing student needs and learning outcomes with differentiated learning. PERSPEKTIF Ilmu Pendidikan, 35(2).

Hikmah, L. N., & Agustin, R. D. (2018). Pengaruh model pembelajaran project based learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa. PRISMATIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Riset Matematika, 1(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.33503/prismatika.v1i1.291

Indarta, Y., Jalinus, N., Abdullah, R., & Samala, A. D. (2021). 21st Century skills : TVET dan tantangan abad 21. Edukatif : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 3(6), 4340–4348. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v3i6.1458

Irawati, I., Ilhamdi, M. L., & Nasruddin, N. (2021). Pengaruh gaya belajar terhadap hasil belajar IPA. Jurnal Pijar Mipa, 16(1), 44–48. https://doi.org/10.29303/jpm.v16i1.2202

Iskandar, D. (2021). Peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada materi report text melalui pembelajaran berdiferensiasi di kelas IX.A SMP Negeri 1 Sape tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Indonesia (JPPI), 1(2), 123–140. https://doi.org/10.53299/jppi.v1i2.48

Khoiri, A., Evalina, Komariah, N., Utami, R. T., Paramarta, V., Siswandi, Janudin, & Sunarsi, D. (2021). 4Cs analysis of 21st century skills-based school areas. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1764(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1764/1/012142

Kristiani, K. D., Mayasari, T., & Erawan, K. (2017). Makalah pendamping ISSN : 2527-6670 pengaruh pembelajaran STEM-PjBL terhadap keterampilan berpikir kreatif. 21.

Madyani, I., Yamtinah, S., Utomo, S. B., Saputro, S., & Mahardiani, L. (2020). Profile ofstudents’ creative thinking skills in science learning. 397(Icliqe 2019), 957–964. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200129.119

Mamahit, J. A., Aloysius, D. C., & Suwono, H. (2020). Efektivitas model project-based learning terintegrasi STEM (PjBL-STEM) terhadap keterampilan berpikir kreatif siswa kelas X. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Pengembangan, 5(9), 1284. https://doi.org/10.17977/jptpp.v5i9.14034

Mulbar, U., Bernard, B., & Pesona, R. R. (2018). Penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan strategi pembelajaran diferensiasi pada peserta didik kelas VIII. Issues in Mathematics Education (IMED), 1(1), 1–6.

Ning, D. R., Roshayanti, F., & Siswanto, J. (2020). Profil literasi sains dan berfikir kreatif siswa SMP Negeri 11 Pekalongan. Jurnal Edukasi Matematika Dan Sains, 8(2), 150. https://doi.org/10.25273/jems.v8i2.6905

Ningsih, M. Y., Efendi, N., & Sartika, S. B. (2021). Pengaruh model project based learning terhadap berpikir kreatif peserta didik dalam pembelajaran IPA. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Sains (JIPS, 2, 32–41.

Noviyana, H. (2017). Pengaruh model project based learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematika siswa. JURNAL E-DuMath, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.26638/je.455.2064

Nugroho, A. tri, Jalmo, T., & Surbakti, A. (2019). Pengaruh model project based learning (PjBL) terhadap kemampuan komunikasi sains dan berpikir kreatif. Journal Bioterdidik, 7(3), 50–58.

Obi, B. I. N., Eze, T. I., & Chibuzo, N. F. (2022). Experiential learning activities in business education for developing 21st century competencies. Journal of Education for Business, 97(1), 36–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/08832323.2021.1884521

Pramesti, D., Probosari, R. M., & Indiyanti, N. Y. (2022). Effectiveness of project based learning low carbon STEM and discovery learning to improve creative thinking skills. Journal of Innovation in Educational and Cultural Research, 3(3), 445–456. https://doi.org/10.46843/jiecr.v3i3.156

Pratika Surya, J., & Wahyudi, I. (2018). Implementation of the stem learning to improve the creative thinking skills of high school student in the newton law of gravity material. Journal of Komodo Science Education, 01(01), 106–116. http:ejournal.stkipsantupaulus.ac.id/index.php/jkse

Prayoga, E. R., Ryansyah, M., & Jannah, N. (2022). Dampak covid-19 terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi pada sektor ekspor dan impor Indonesia. El-Mal: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi & Bisnis Islam, 3(3), 457–465. https://doi.org/10.47467/elmal.v3i3.924

Progella, A. A. (2019). Differentiated instruction approach using triarchic teaching: students’ learning assessment in science. Ascendens Asia Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Abstracts, 3(2L).

Putri, S. U., Sumiati, T., & Larasati, I. (2019). Improving creative thinking skill through project-based-learning in science for primary school. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1157(2). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1157/2/022052

Redhana, I. W. (2019). Mengembangkan keterampilan abad ke-21 dalam pembelajaran kimia. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Kimia, 13(1).

Saefullah, A., Suherman, A., Utami, R. T., Antarnusa, G., Rostikawati, D. A., & Zidny, R. (2021). Implementation of PjBL-STEM to improve students’ creative thinking skills on static fluid topic. JIPF (Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Fisika), 6(2), 149. https://doi.org/10.26737/jipf.v6i2.1805

Saputri, M., Syukri, M., & Elisa. (2022). Analysis of momentum and impulse on students’ creative thinking skill through project based learning integrated STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics). Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2193(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2193/1/012066

Setiawan, L., Wardani, N. S., & Permana, T. I. (2021). Peningkatan kreativitas siswa pada pembelajaran tematik menggunakan pendekatan project based learning. Jurnal Basicedu, 5(4), 1879–1887. https://jbasic.org/index.php/basicedu/article/view/1068

Shalihah, N. H., Dafik, & Prastiti, T. D. (2020). The analysis of the application of learning materials based on project-based learning to improve the elementary school students’ creative thinking skills in solving contextual division problems. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1563(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1563/1/012044

Siregar, R. N., Mujib, A., Hasratuddin, & Karnasih, I. (2020). Peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa melalui pendekatan matematika realistik increasing students ’ creative thinking abilities through. Edumaspul Jurnal Pendidikan, 4(1), 56–62.

Solomon, B. G. (2008). Project-based learning. Technology & Learning, 2–4.

Sugiyanto, F. N., Masykuri, M., & Muzzazinah, M. (2018). Analysis of senior high school students’ creative thinking skills profile in Klaten Regency. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1006(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1006/1/012038

Sukmawijaya, Y., Suhendar, & Juhanda, A. (2019). Pengaruh model pembelajaran Stem-Pjbl terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa pada materi pencemaran lingkungan. Jurnal BIOEDUIN: Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, 9(9), 28–43. https://e-journal.unipma.ac.id.

Supena, I., Darmuki, A., & Hariyadi, A. (2021). The influence of learning model on students’ learning outcomes. International Journal of Instruction, 14(3), 873–892.

Suwartiningsih, S. (2021). Penerapan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA pokok bahasan tanah dan keberlangsungan kehidupan di Kelas IXb semester genap SMPN 4 Monta tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Indonesia (JPPI), 1(2), 80–94. https://doi.org/10.53299/jppi.v1i2.39

Taufiq, M., Wijayanti, A., Yanitama, A., Santoso, A. M., Primandiri, P. R., Zubaidah, S., Megayanti, T., Busono, T., & Maknun, J. (2018). Higher order thinking skills : using e-portfolio in project-based learning Higher order thinking skills : using e-portfolio in project- based learning.

Tomlinson, C. A. (2001). How To differentiate instruction in mixed-ability classrooms. In Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

Torrance, E. P. (1969). Creativity. What reserch says to the teacher. National Education Association, 28.

Trianto, I. . (2014). Mendesain model pembelajaran inovatif, progresif, dan kontekstual konsep, landasan, dan implementasinya pada kurikulum 2013 (kurikulum tematik integratif/KTI). Pramedia Group.

van Laar, E., van Deursen, A. J. A. M., van Dijk, J. A. G. M., & de Haan, J. (2020). Determinants of 21st-century skills and 21st-sentury digital skills for workers: A systematic literature review. SAGE Open, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019900176

Viana, R. V., Jumadi, Wilujeng, I., & Kuswanto, H. (2019). The influence of project based learning based on process skills approach to student’s creative thinking skill. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1233(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1233/1/012033

Waliyati, S., Dafik, & Slamin. (2019). The analysis of project based learning implementation to improve students creative thinking skill in solving the problem of tiles coloring combination. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1211(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1211/1/012089

Ward, M. (2018). PISA for development: results in focus. PISA in Focus, No 91.

Widyasmah, M., Abdurrahman, & Herlina, K. (2020). Implementation of STEM approach based on project-based learning to improve creative thinking skills of high school students in physics. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1467(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1467/1/012072

World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). (2021). Global innovation index 2021. In World Intellectual Property Organization (Issue 14th Edition). https://tind.wipo.int/record/44315

Wu, T., & Wu, Y. (2020). Applying project-based learning and SCAMPER teaching strategies in engineering education to explore the influence of creativity on cognition , personal motivation , and personality traits. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 35(January), 100631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2020.100631

Yamin, Y., Permanasari, A., Redjeki, S., & Sopandi, W. (2020). Implementing project-based learning to enhance creative thinking skills on water pollution topic. JPBI (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia), 6(2), 225–232. https://doi.org/10.22219/jpbi.v6i2.12202

Yuliawati, & Roesdiana, L. (2019). Analisis kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa SMP kelas VIII pada materi bangun datar segi empat. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Matematika Dan Pendidikan Matematika Sesiomadika 2019, 86–98.