Efektivitas Latihan Plyometrik terhadap Peningkatan Power dan Kecepatan Lemparan Atlet Handball: Kajian Literatur Sistematis

Authors

  • Fadhil Azhari Universitas Negeri Semarang
  • Limpad Nurrachmad Universitas Negeri Semarang
  • Miftakh Khoir Universitas Negeri Semarang
  • Fakhri Hanif Raditya Universitas Negeri Semarang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37630/jpo.v16i1.4060

Keywords:

Handball, Latihan Plyometrik, Power Otot, Kecepatan Lemparan, Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Olahraga beregu, seperti Handball, sering menggunakan latihan plyometrik untuk meningkatkan daya ledak otot dan kecepatan lemparan. Kedua kemampuan ini sangat penting untuk keberhasilan permainan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari secara sistematis pengaruh latihan plyometrik terhadap kekuatan otot atlet Handball dan kecepatan lemparan mereka. Selain itu, berdasarkan hasil empiris dari penelitian sebelumnya, penelitian ini akan menjelaskan bagaimana latihan ini dilakukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) berdasarkan pedoman PRISMA. Proses penelusuran literatur dilakukan melalui basis data ilmiah yang diakui yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Kriteria inklusi termasuk artikel penelitian eksperimental yang melibatkan atlet Handball yang membicarakan tentang intervensi latihan plyometrik, yang tersedia dalam bentuk full-text, dan yang dipublikasikan dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Sebanyak lima belas artikel yang memenuhi kriteria dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan menelaah desain penelitian, durasi dan frekuensi latihan, jenis latihan plyometrik, serta variabel performa yang diukur. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa program latihan plyometrik yang diimplementasikan selama 4–10 minggu dengan frekuensi 2–3 sesi per minggu, baik dalam bentuk latihan tubuh atas, bawah, maupun kombinasi, secara konsisten memberikan peningkatan yang signifikan terhadap power otot dan kecepatan lemparan atlet Handball. Implementasi latihan dilakukan melalui integrasi latihan plyometrik ke dalam program latihan reguler dengan memperhatikan prinsip progresivitas, spesifisitas gerak lemparan, serta tingkat kesiapan fisik atlet. Dengan demikian, latihan plyometrik dapat direkomendasikan sebagai komponen utama dalam program pembinaan dan pelatihan Handball untuk meningkatkan performa atlet secara efektif dan berkelanjutan.

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Published

2026-02-18