Literature Review: Pendekatan Berdiferensiasi Dalam Pembelajaran IPA
Abstract
Pembelajaran IPA hendaknya dilaksanakan secara interaktif, inspiratif, menyenangkan, menantang, memotivasi peserta didik untuk berpartisipasi aktif, serta memberikan ruang yang cukup bagi prakarsa, kreativitas, dan kemandirian sesuai dengan bakat, minat serta perkembangan fisik dan psikologis peserta didik Hal ini sejalan dengan konsep pembelajaran berdiferensiasi, yaitu usaha untuk menyesuaikan proses pembelajaran di kelas untuk memenuhi kebutuhan belajar individu setiap murid. Namun, penerapan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi khususnya pada pembelajaran IPA masih terbatas. Tujuan penulisan literatur review ini adalah untuk (1) mendeskripsikan penerapan pendekatan berdiferensiasi, (2) menjelaskan hasil penerapan pendeketan berdiferensiasi, dan (3) menganalisis peluang penerapan pendekatan berdiferensiasi dalam pembelajaran IPA. Literatur review ini diperoleh dari artikel penelitian ilmiah dari rentang tahun 2012-2022 dengan menggunakan google scholar dan mendapatkan 47 artikel dengan kata kunci pembelajaran berdiferensiasi. Dari 47 artikel dilakukan identification, screening, dan eliglibility, kemudian diperoleh 15 artikel yang sesuai dengan tujuan literatur review. Berdasarkan hasil analisis literatur review dapat disimpulkan (1) pendekatan berdiferensiasi dapat diintegrasikan dengan beberapa model pembelajaran seperti problem based learning, Blended Learning ’s Station Rotation, pembelajaran berbasis proyek dan memperhatikan gaya belajar siswa; (2) penerapan pendekatan berdiferensiasi mampu menningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik; (3) pendekatan berdiferensiasi dapat diterapkan dalam pembelajaran IPA karena mampu mengakomodir kebutuhan belajar siswa dengan memperhatikan minat, profil, gaya belajar dan kesiapan belajar siswa.
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Keywords:
Pendekatan berdiferensiasi, Konten, Proses, Produk, Pembelajaran IPA
References
Al-Shehri, M. S. (2020). Effect of differentiated instruction on the achievement and development of critical thinking skills among sixth-grade science students. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 19(10), 77–99. https://doi.org/10.26803/IJLTER.19.10.5
Alhafiz, N. (2022). Analisis Profil Gaya Belajar Siswa untuk Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi di SMP Negeri 23 Pekanbaru. J-Abdi: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 1(8), 1913–1922.
Apriliyanti, F., Hanurawan, F., & Sobri, A. Y. (2021). Keterlibatan Orang Tua dalam Penerapan Nilai-nilai Luhur Pendidikan Karakter Ki Hadjar Dewantara. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 6(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v6i1.595
Bal, A. P. (2016). Cebir Öğrenme Alanında Farklılaştırılmış Öğretim Yaklaşımının Öğrencilerin Akademik Başarıları Üzerine Etkisi. Egitim Arastirmalari - Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 63, 185–204. https://doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2016.63.11
Brungel, R., Ruckert, J., & Friedrich, C. M. (2020). Project-Based Learning in a Machine Learning Course with Differentiated Industrial Projects for Various Computer Science Master Programs. 2020 IEEE 32nd Conference on Software Engineering Education and Training, CSEE and T 2020, Ml, 50–54. https://doi.org/10.1109/CSEET49119.2020.9206229
Demir, S. (2021a). Effects of learning style based differentiated activities on gifted students’ creativity. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 9(1), 47–56. https://doi.org/10.17478/jegys.754104
Demir, S. (2021b). The Impact of Differentiated Instructional Media on the Motivation and Opinions of Students towards Science Learning in Terms of Learning Styles. Shanlax International Journal of Education, 9(3), 16–25. https://doi.org/10.34293/education.v9i3.3723
Erotocritou, T. (2020). The Impact of Using Effective Differentiation Strategies on Students ’ Learning : A case study of an Elementary School in Dubai KHADIJA AL SAYED HAMAD. June.
Erotocritou, T., Student, S. P., & Koutselini, M. (2015). The Active Involvement of Teachers in Action Research for Differentiation of the Teaching-Learning Process: Understanding the Needs of Students and Weaknesses of the Curriculum. Journal of Education & Social Policy, 2(2).
Ferlianti, S., Mu’iz, M. S., & Chandra, D. T. (2022). Penerapan Pembelajaran Diferensiasi dengan Metode Blended Learning’s Station Rotation untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Materi Tekanan Hidrostatis. 03(03), 266–272.
Gray, R. (2020). Comparing the constraints led approach, differential learning and prescriptive instruction for training opposite-field hitting in baseball. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 51(April), 101797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2020.101797
Herwina, W. (2021). Optimizing Student Needs and Learning Outcomes With. PERSPEKTIF Ilmu Pendidikan, 35(2).
Iskandar, D. (2021). Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Materi Report Text Melalui Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi di Kelas IX.A SMP Negeri 1 Sape Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Indonesia (JPPI), 1(2), 123–140. https://doi.org/10.53299/jppi.v1i2.48
Marlina, M., Efrina, E., & Kusumastuti, G. (2019). Differentiated Learning for Students with Special Needs in Inclusive Schools. 382(Icet), 678–681. https://doi.org/10.2991/icet-19.2019.164
Menekse, M., Stump, G. S., Krause, S., & Chi, M. T. H. (2013). Differentiated overt learning activities for effective instruction in engineering classrooms. Journal of Engineering Education, 102(3), 346–374. https://doi.org/10.1002/jee.20021
Mills, M., Monk, S., Keddie, A., Renshaw, P., Christie, P., Geelan, D., & Gowlett, C. (2014). Differentiated learning: from policy to classroom. Oxford Review of Education, 40(3), 331–348. https://doi.org/10.1080/03054985.2014.911725
Morgan, H. (2014). Maximizing student success with differentiated learning. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational …. https://doi.org/10.1080/00098655.2013.832130
Mulbar, U., Bernard, B., & Pesona, R. R. (2018). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah dengan Strategi Pembelajaran Diferensiasi pada Peserta Didik Kelas VIII. Issues in Mathematics Education (IMED), 1(1), 1–6.
Nikolaou, X. E., Zafiri, D. M., & Pliogou, D. V. (2017). The Implementation of Differentiated Instruction in English Language Learning to Students with Dyslexia in A’ Senior Class (A1) in an English Language Center: Action Research. Journal of Studies in Education, 7(3), 130. https://doi.org/10.5296/jse.v7i3.11495
Progella, A. A. (2019). Differentiated Instruction Approach Using Triarchic Teaching: Students’ Learning Assessment in Science. Ascendens Asia Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Abstracts, 3(2L).
Shedly, G. H. (2014). The use of Project-Based Learning as a Viable Differentiation Technique to Enhance Gifted and non- Gifted Students ’ Creative Writing Skills
Suja, I. W. (2020). Keterampilan Proses Sains dan Instrumen Pengukurannya (Nuraini (ed.); 1st ed.). PT RajaGrafindo Persada.
Suwartiningsih, S. (2021). Penerapan Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran IPA Pokok Bahasan Tanah dan Keberlangsungan Kehidupan di Kelas IXb Semester Genap SMPN 4 Monta Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Indonesia (JPPI), 1(2), 80–94. https://doi.org/10.53299/jppi.v1i2.39
Taylor, S. (2017). Contested Knowledge: A Critical Review of the Concept of Differentiation in Teaching and Learning. Warwick Journal of Education - Transforming Teaching, 1, 55–68.
Tomlinson, C. A. (2000). Differentiation of Instruction in the Elementary Grades. ERIC Digests, 1–7.
Tomlinson, C. A. (2001). How TO Differentiate instruction in mixed-ability classrooms. In Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
Trowbridge, L. W., & Bybee, R. W. (1990). Becoming a secondary school science teacher. Merrill Publishing Company.
Wallace, B., Bernardelli, A., & ... (2012). TASC: Thinking actively in a social context. A universal problem-solving process: A powerful tool to promote differentiated learning experiences. Gifted Education …. https://doi.org/10.1177/0261429411427645
Widya Noventari. (2020). Konsepsi Merdeka Belajar Dalam Sistem Among Menurut Pandangan Ki Hajar Dewantara. Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Kewaganegaraan 15(1), 83-91., 83–91. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20961/pknp.v15i1.44902
Alhafiz, N. (2022). Analisis Profil Gaya Belajar Siswa untuk Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi di SMP Negeri 23 Pekanbaru. J-Abdi: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 1(8), 1913–1922.
Apriliyanti, F., Hanurawan, F., & Sobri, A. Y. (2021). Keterlibatan Orang Tua dalam Penerapan Nilai-nilai Luhur Pendidikan Karakter Ki Hadjar Dewantara. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 6(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v6i1.595
Bal, A. P. (2016). Cebir Öğrenme Alanında Farklılaştırılmış Öğretim Yaklaşımının Öğrencilerin Akademik Başarıları Üzerine Etkisi. Egitim Arastirmalari - Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 63, 185–204. https://doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2016.63.11
Brungel, R., Ruckert, J., & Friedrich, C. M. (2020). Project-Based Learning in a Machine Learning Course with Differentiated Industrial Projects for Various Computer Science Master Programs. 2020 IEEE 32nd Conference on Software Engineering Education and Training, CSEE and T 2020, Ml, 50–54. https://doi.org/10.1109/CSEET49119.2020.9206229
Demir, S. (2021a). Effects of learning style based differentiated activities on gifted students’ creativity. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 9(1), 47–56. https://doi.org/10.17478/jegys.754104
Demir, S. (2021b). The Impact of Differentiated Instructional Media on the Motivation and Opinions of Students towards Science Learning in Terms of Learning Styles. Shanlax International Journal of Education, 9(3), 16–25. https://doi.org/10.34293/education.v9i3.3723
Erotocritou, T. (2020). The Impact of Using Effective Differentiation Strategies on Students ’ Learning : A case study of an Elementary School in Dubai KHADIJA AL SAYED HAMAD. June.
Erotocritou, T., Student, S. P., & Koutselini, M. (2015). The Active Involvement of Teachers in Action Research for Differentiation of the Teaching-Learning Process: Understanding the Needs of Students and Weaknesses of the Curriculum. Journal of Education & Social Policy, 2(2).
Ferlianti, S., Mu’iz, M. S., & Chandra, D. T. (2022). Penerapan Pembelajaran Diferensiasi dengan Metode Blended Learning’s Station Rotation untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Materi Tekanan Hidrostatis. 03(03), 266–272.
Gray, R. (2020). Comparing the constraints led approach, differential learning and prescriptive instruction for training opposite-field hitting in baseball. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 51(April), 101797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2020.101797
Herwina, W. (2021). Optimizing Student Needs and Learning Outcomes With. PERSPEKTIF Ilmu Pendidikan, 35(2).
Iskandar, D. (2021). Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Materi Report Text Melalui Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi di Kelas IX.A SMP Negeri 1 Sape Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Indonesia (JPPI), 1(2), 123–140. https://doi.org/10.53299/jppi.v1i2.48
Marlina, M., Efrina, E., & Kusumastuti, G. (2019). Differentiated Learning for Students with Special Needs in Inclusive Schools. 382(Icet), 678–681. https://doi.org/10.2991/icet-19.2019.164
Menekse, M., Stump, G. S., Krause, S., & Chi, M. T. H. (2013). Differentiated overt learning activities for effective instruction in engineering classrooms. Journal of Engineering Education, 102(3), 346–374. https://doi.org/10.1002/jee.20021
Mills, M., Monk, S., Keddie, A., Renshaw, P., Christie, P., Geelan, D., & Gowlett, C. (2014). Differentiated learning: from policy to classroom. Oxford Review of Education, 40(3), 331–348. https://doi.org/10.1080/03054985.2014.911725
Morgan, H. (2014). Maximizing student success with differentiated learning. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational …. https://doi.org/10.1080/00098655.2013.832130
Mulbar, U., Bernard, B., & Pesona, R. R. (2018). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah dengan Strategi Pembelajaran Diferensiasi pada Peserta Didik Kelas VIII. Issues in Mathematics Education (IMED), 1(1), 1–6.
Nikolaou, X. E., Zafiri, D. M., & Pliogou, D. V. (2017). The Implementation of Differentiated Instruction in English Language Learning to Students with Dyslexia in A’ Senior Class (A1) in an English Language Center: Action Research. Journal of Studies in Education, 7(3), 130. https://doi.org/10.5296/jse.v7i3.11495
Progella, A. A. (2019). Differentiated Instruction Approach Using Triarchic Teaching: Students’ Learning Assessment in Science. Ascendens Asia Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Abstracts, 3(2L).
Shedly, G. H. (2014). The use of Project-Based Learning as a Viable Differentiation Technique to Enhance Gifted and non- Gifted Students ’ Creative Writing Skills
Suja, I. W. (2020). Keterampilan Proses Sains dan Instrumen Pengukurannya (Nuraini (ed.); 1st ed.). PT RajaGrafindo Persada.
Suwartiningsih, S. (2021). Penerapan Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran IPA Pokok Bahasan Tanah dan Keberlangsungan Kehidupan di Kelas IXb Semester Genap SMPN 4 Monta Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Indonesia (JPPI), 1(2), 80–94. https://doi.org/10.53299/jppi.v1i2.39
Taylor, S. (2017). Contested Knowledge: A Critical Review of the Concept of Differentiation in Teaching and Learning. Warwick Journal of Education - Transforming Teaching, 1, 55–68.
Tomlinson, C. A. (2000). Differentiation of Instruction in the Elementary Grades. ERIC Digests, 1–7.
Tomlinson, C. A. (2001). How TO Differentiate instruction in mixed-ability classrooms. In Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
Trowbridge, L. W., & Bybee, R. W. (1990). Becoming a secondary school science teacher. Merrill Publishing Company.
Wallace, B., Bernardelli, A., & ... (2012). TASC: Thinking actively in a social context. A universal problem-solving process: A powerful tool to promote differentiated learning experiences. Gifted Education …. https://doi.org/10.1177/0261429411427645
Widya Noventari. (2020). Konsepsi Merdeka Belajar Dalam Sistem Among Menurut Pandangan Ki Hajar Dewantara. Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Kewaganegaraan 15(1), 83-91., 83–91. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20961/pknp.v15i1.44902
Published
2022-06-07
How to Cite
Ayu Sri Wahyuni. (2022). Literature Review: Pendekatan Berdiferensiasi Dalam Pembelajaran IPA. JURNAL PENDIDIKAN MIPA, 12(2), 118-126. https://doi.org/10.37630/jpm.v12i2.562
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